Some Complications of Down Syndrome*
System | Deficit |
|---|---|
Cardiac | Congenital heart disease, most often ventricular septal defect and atrioventricular canal defect Increased risk of mitral valve prolapse and aortic regurgitation (more frequently seen in adults) |
Central nervous system | Cognitive impairment (mild to severe) Motor and language delay |
Gastrointestinal | |
Endocrine | |
Eyes, ears, nose, and throat | Ophthalmic disorders (eg, congenital cataracts, glaucoma, strabismus, refractive errors) Increased incidence of otitis media |
Growth | Short stature |
Hematologic | Thrombocytopenia Transient myelodysplastic disorder Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia |
Musculoskeletal | Atlantoaxial and atlanto-occipital instability Joint laxity |
Respiratory | |
* Not all complications are present in a given patient, but incidence is increased compared with unaffected population. | |