Teething is the process in infants of tooth eruption through the gums.
Although there is wide variation, a child's first tooth usually erupts by 6 months of age, and a complete set of 20 deciduous teeth usually develops by 2½ years of age.
Clinicians often counsel parents that before a tooth erupts, the child may cry, be fussy, and sleep and eat poorly. Also, during tooth eruption, the child may drool, have red and tender gums, and chew constantly on objects such as toys and crib rails.
Часи прорізування зубів
Teeth | Number | Age at Eruption* |
|---|---|---|
Deciduous (20 total) | ||
Lower central incisors | 2 | 5–9 months |
Upper central incisors | 2 | 8–12 months |
Upper lateral incisors | 2 | 10–12 months |
Lower lateral incisors | 2 | 12–15 months |
1st molars† | 4 | 10–16 months |
Canines | 4 | 16–20 months |
2nd molars† | 4 | 20–30 months |
Permanent (32 total) | ||
1st molars† | 4 | 5–7 years |
Incisors | 8 | 6–8 years |
Bicuspids | 8 | 9–12 years |
Canines | 4 | 10–13 years |
2nd molars† | 4 | 11–13 years |
3rd molars† | 4 | 17–25 years |
* Varies greatly. | ||
† Molars are numbered from the front to the back of the mouth (see figure Identifying the teeth). | ||
Teething does not cause fever. Children who have fever and who are especially fussy should be evaluated for a viral or bacterial infection, because these symptoms are not caused by teething.
Teething infants get some relief from chewing on hard (eg, teething biscuits) or cold (eg, firm rubber or gel-containing teething rings) objects. Massaging the child's gums with or without ice also may help. Children may be treated with weight-based doses of acetaminophen or ibuprofen.
Teething devices worn around the child's neck should be avoided.
Teething gels are not recommended because they are not any more effective than other measures, and some contain benzocaine. Benzocaine can rarely cause methemoglobinemia.
