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  2. Pulmonary Disorders/
  3. Mediastinal and Pleural Disorders/
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Mediastinal and Pleural Disorders
  • Mediastinal Masses
    • Etiology
      • Adults
      • Children
    • Symptoms and Signs
    • Diagnosis
    • Treatment
    • Key Points
  • Mediastinitis
    • Esophageal perforation
    • Median sternotomy
    • Chronic fibrosing mediastinitis
    • Reference
  • Pleural Effusion
    • Etiology
      • Etiology reference
    • Symptoms and Signs
    • Diagnosis
      • Presence of effusion
      • Cause of effusion
      • Diagnosis reference
    • Treatment
      • Parapneumonic effusion and empyema
      • Malignant pleural effusion
      • Treatment reference
    • Key Points
  • Pleural Fibrosis and Calcification
    • Postinflammatory
    • Asbestos-related
  • Pneumomediastinum
    • Treatment
  • Pneumothorax
    • Etiology
    • Pathophysiology
    • Symptoms and Signs
    • Diagnosis
    • Treatment
    • Complications
    • Prevention
      • Prevention references
    • Key Points
  • Viral Pleuritis
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