Causes of Secondary Osteoporosis

Cancer (eg, multiple myeloma)

COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) due to the disorder and its treatment with corticosteroids, tobacco use, and decreased physical activity

Chronic kidney disease

Medications (eg, chronic use of corticosteroids, antiseizure medicationsproton pump inhibitors, H2 blockers)

Endocrine disease (eg, glucocorticoid excess, hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism, hypogonadism, hyperprolactinemia, diabetes mellitus)

Hypercalciuria

Hypophosphatasia

Hypophosphatemia (chronic)

Hypovitaminosis D

Immobilization

Liver disease

Malabsorption syndromes

Prolonged weightlessness (as occurs in space flight)

Rheumatoid arthritis

Celiac disease

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