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MSD Manual
Professional Version
MEDICAL TOPICS
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MEDICAL TOPICS
RESOURCES
Professional
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Gynecology and Obstetrics
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Prenatal Genetic Counseling and Evaluation
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Prenatal Genetic Counseling and Evaluation
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Prenatal Genetic Counseling
Risk Factors for Genetic Disorders or Congenital Anomalies
Risk factors for congenital disorders references
Preconception or Prenatal Carrier Testing of Parents
General references
Prenatal Testing to Detect Fetal Genetic Abnormalities
Testing references
Noninvasive Prenatal Fetal Screening Tests
Screening in multiple gestations
First-Trimester Screening
Cell-free fetal nucleic acid testing
First-trimester screening references
Second-Trimester Screening
Maternal serum screening for chromosomal abnormalities
Maternal serum screening for neural tube defects
Second-trimester screening references
Sequential First- and Second-Trimester Screening
Sequential first- and second trimester screening references
Prenatal Ultrasonography
Procedures for Prenatal Genetic Diagnosis
Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT)
Chorionic Villus Sampling
Amniocentesis
Percutaneous Umbilical Blood Sampling
References