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Professional
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MSD Manual
Professional Version
MEDICAL TOPICS
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MEDICAL TOPICS
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Professional
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Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
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Thyroid Disorders
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Thyroid Disorders
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Overview of Thyroid Function
Synthesis and Release of Thyroid Hormones
Laboratory Testing of Thyroid Function
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) measurement
Thyroxine (T4) measurement
Triiodothyronine (T3) measurement
Thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG)
Autoantibodies to thyroid peroxidase
Thyroglobulin
Screening for Thyroid Dysfunction
Screening references
Radioactive Iodine Uptake and Imaging
Hyperthyroidism
General reference
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Eye signs
Infiltrative dermopathy
Thyroid storm
Diagnosis
Subclinical hyperthyroidism
Treatment
Radioactive sodium iodine (iodine-131, radioiodine)
Methimazole and propylthiouracil
Beta-blockers
Iodine
Surgery
Treatment of thyroid storm
Treatment of infiltrative dermopathy
Treatment of infiltrative ophthalmopathy
Management of subclinical hyperthyroidism
Treatment references
Key Points
Subacute Thyroiditis
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
Key Points
Silent Lymphocytic Thyroiditis
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Key Points
Hypothyroidism
Primary hypothyroidism
Secondary hypothyroidism
Subclinical hypothyroidism
General reference
Symptoms and Signs
Myxedema coma
Diagnosis
Screening
Treatment
Myxedema coma
Treatment reference
Geriatrics Essentials: Hypothyroidism
Key Points
Hashimoto Thyroiditis
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Key Points
Euthyroid Sick Syndrome
Diagnosis
Treatment
Key Points
Approach to the Patient With a Thyroid Nodule
General reference
Etiology
Evaluation
History
Physical examination
Laboratory testing
Thyroid imaging
Fine-needle aspiration biopsy
Evaluation references
Treatment
Treatment reference
Simple Nontoxic Goiter
Symptoms and Signs
Symptoms and signs reference
Diagnosis
Treatment
Key Points
Thyroid Cancers
General references
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Papillary thyroid carcinoma references
Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma
Oncocytic Thyroid Carcinoma (formerly Hurthle Cell Carcinoma)
Oncotic thyroid carcinoma references
Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma references
Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Medullary thyroid carcinoma reference
Radiation-Induced Thyroid Cancer
Radiation-induced thyroid cancer reference