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Professional
Consumer
MSD Manual
Consumer Version
HEALTH TOPICS
HEALTHY LIVING
SYMPTOMS
EMERGENCIES
RESOURCES
COMMENTARY
ABOUT US
HEALTH TOPICS
HEALTHY LIVING
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Injuries and Poisoning
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Cold Injuries
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Cold Injuries
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Overview of Cold Injuries
Prevention
Frostbite
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
Outside of the hospital
In the hospital
After hospital discharge
Hypothermia
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
Treatment outside the hospital
Treatment in the hospital
Essentials for Older Adults: Adapting to Cold Temperatures
Nonfreezing Tissue Injuries
Frostnip
Immersion (trench) foot
Chilblains (pernio)