Potassium is one of the body's electrolytes, which are minerals that carry an electric charge when dissolved in body fluids such as blood. (See also Overview of Electrolytes.)
Most of the body’s potassium is located inside the cells. Potassium is necessary for the normal functioning of cells, nerves, and muscles.
The body must maintain the potassium level in blood within a narrow range. A blood potassium level that is too high (hyperkalemia) or too low (hypokalemia) can have serious consequences, such as an abnormal heart rhythm or even stopping of the heart (cardiac arrest). The body can use the large reservoir of potassium stored within cells to help maintain a constant level of potassium in blood.
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The body maintains the right level of potassium by matching the amount of potassium consumed with the amount lost. Potassium is consumed in food and drinks that contain electrolytes (including potassium) and lost primarily in urine. Some potassium is also lost through the digestive tract and in sweat. Healthy kidneys can adjust the excretion of potassium to match changes in consumption.
Some medications and certain conditions affect the movement of potassium into and out of cells, which greatly influences the potassium level in blood.
More Information
The following English language resource provides information that may be useful. THE MANUAL is not responsible for the content of this resource.
National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements: Potassium Fact Sheet for Consumers: provides a general overview of potassium, including its role in the body and daily nutrition requirements
