Звичайні антипсихотики
Drug | Daily Dose (Range)* | Usual Adult Dose | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
Chlorpromazine†,‡ | 30–800 mg | 400 mg orally at bedtime | Prototypic low-potency drug, the first antipsychotic Also available as a rectal suppository |
Thioridazine‡ | 150–800 mg | 400 mg orally at bedtime | Only drug with an absolute maximum (800 mg a day) because it causes pigmentary retinopathy at higher doses and has a significant anticholinergic effect Warning about QTc prolongation added to label |
Trifluoperazine†,‡ | 2–40 mg | 10 mg orally at bedtime | — |
Fluphenazine†,‡ | 0.5–40 mg | 7.5 mg orally at bedtime | Also available as fluphenazine decanoate and fluphenazine enanthate, which are IM depot forms (dose equivalents are not available) |
Perphenazine†,‡ | 12–64 mg | 16 mg orally at bedtime | — |
Loxapine | 20–250 mg | 60 mg orally at bedtime | Has affinity for dopamine-2 and 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin)-2 receptors |
Molindone | 15–225 mg | 60 mg orally at bedtime | Possibly associated with weight reduction |
Thiothixene†,‡ | 8–60 mg | 10 mg orally at bedtime | Has high incidence of akathisia |
Haloperidol†,‡ | 1–15 mg | 8 mg orally at bedtime | Prototypic high-potency drug Haloperidol decanoate available as an IM depot Akathisia and other EPS common |
Pimozide | 1–10 mg | 3 mg orally at bedtime | Approved only for Tourette syndrome |
* Current recommended dosing for conventional antipsychotics is to initiate at low range of displayed values and titrate upwards gradually to a single dose; dosing at bedtime is recommended. There is no evidence that rapid dose escalation is more effective. | |||
† These drugs are available in an IM form for acute treatment. | |||
‡ These drugs are available as an oral concentrate. | |||
EPS = extrapyramidal symptoms; QTc = QT interval corrected for heart rate. | |||