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MSD Manual
Consumer Version
HEALTH TOPICS
HEALTHY LIVING
SYMPTOMS
EMERGENCIES
RESOURCES
COMMENTARY
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HEALTH TOPICS
HEALTHY LIVING
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Lung and Airway Disorders
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Causes
Symptoms
Early COPD
Progression of COPD
COPD flare-up
Complications of COPD
Diagnosis
Tests of lung function
Other tests
Testing in COPD flare-ups
Treatment
Treatment of symptoms
Treatment of flare-ups
Oxygen therapy
Pulmonary rehabilitation
Other treatments
Prognosis and End-of-Life Issues
More Information
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Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
Emphysema
Liver damage
Panniculitis