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MSD Manual
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HEALTH TOPICS
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HEALTH TOPICS
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Hormonal and Metabolic Disorders
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Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Disorders of Blood Sugar Metabolism
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Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Disorders of Blood Sugar Metabolism
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Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
Blood sugar
Insulin
Types of Diabetes
Prediabetes
Type 1 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes
Symptoms
Type 1 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes
Complications of diabetes
Diagnosis
Blood glucose measurement
Hemoglobin A1C
Oral glucose tolerance test
Screening for Diabetes
Screening for type 1 diabetes
Screening for type 2 diabetes
Treatment
General treatment of diabetes
Medication treatment of diabetes
Pancreas transplantation
People who are frail or have medical problems
People with difficulty maintaining blood glucose levels
Monitoring Diabetes Treatment
Diabetes treatment goals
Monitoring blood glucose levels
Hemoglobin A1C
Fructosamine
Urine glucose
Prevention
Type 1 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes
More Information
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus
Causes of Diabetes Complications
Types of Diabetes Complications
Blood vessel complications in diabetes
Infections in diabetes
Eye problems in diabetes
Liver damage in diabetes
Kidney damage in diabetes
Nerve damage in diabetes
Foot problems in diabetes
Monitoring and Preventing Diabetes Complications
Prevention of hypoglycemia
More Information
Medication Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
Insulin Replacement Therapy
Insulin forms
Choice of insulin type and dose
Hypoglycemia
Insulin antibodies
Allergic reaction to insulin
Skin reactions to insulin
Oral Antihyperglycemic Medications
Injectable Antihyperglycemic Medications
Disease-Modifying Medication
Other Medications Given to People With Diabetes
More Information
Alcoholic Ketoacidosis
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Causes
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
More Information
Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS)
Causes
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
Hypoglycemia
Causes
Medications
Fasting hypoglycemia
Reaction to eating
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
Immediate treatment of hypoglycemia
Treatment of the cause of hypoglycemia