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MSD Manual
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Immunology; Allergic Disorders
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Allergic, Autoimmune, and Other Hypersensitivity Disorders
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Allergic, Autoimmune, and Other Hypersensitivity Disorders
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Overview of Allergic and Atopic Disorders
Classification of Hypersensitivity Reactions
Type I hypersensitivity reactions
Type II hypersensitivity reactions
Type III hypersensitivity reactions
Type IV hypersensitivity reactions
Etiology
Allergens
Pathophysiology
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Nonspecific tests
Specific tests
Diagnosis reference
Treatment
Emergency treatment
Environmental control
Antihistamines
Mast cell stabilizers
Anti-inflammatory medications
Other medications
Immunotherapy
Allergy treatment during pregnancy and breastfeeding
Treatment references
Prevention
Key Points
More Information
Allergic Rhinitis
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Diagnosis reference
Treatment
Prevention
Avoidance of triggers
Desensitization
Key Points
Anaphylaxis
General reference
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Anaphylactoid reactions
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Epinephrine
Other treatments
Treatment references
Prevention
Key Points
Angioedema
Acute angioedema
Chronic angioedema
Hereditary and acquired angioedema
References
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Key Points
Hereditary and Acquired C1 Inhibitor Deficiency
Hereditary angioedema
Acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency
Triggers
General reference
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Diagnosis reference
Treatment
Treatment references
Prevention
Long-term prophylaxis
Short-term prophylaxis
Prevention reference
Key Points
Autoimmune Disorders
Mechanisms
Genetic factors
Defense mechanisms
Reference
Drug Hypersensitivity
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology references
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Skin testing
Other testing
Diagnosis references
Treatment
Desensitization
Treatment references
Prognosis
Prognosis reference
Key Points
Food Allergy
General reference
Etiology
Oral allergy syndrome (pollen food allergy syndrome)
Eosinophilic gastroenteropathy
Alpha-gal syndrome
Etiology references
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Treatment
Immunotherapy for desensitization
Monoclonal antibodies
Treatment references
Prevention
Prevention references
Key Points
More Information
Mastocytosis and Mast Cell Activation Syndrome
Classification
Cutaneous mastocytosis
Systemic mastocytosis
Mast cell activation syndrome
Classification reference
Symptoms and Signs
Diagnosis
Systemic mastocytosis
Mast cell activation syndrome
Diagnosis references
Treatment
Cutaneous mastocytosis
Systemic mastocytosis
Mast cell activation syndrome
Treatment references
Key Points