Introduction to Corneal Disorders

The cornea is the clear dome-shaped layer in front of the iris and pupil. It protects the iris and lens and helps focus light on the retina. It is composed of cells, protein, and fluid. The cornea looks fragile but is almost as stiff as a fingernail. However, it is very sensitive to touch.

An Inside Look at the Eye

Corneal disorders include the following:

• Bullous keratopathy

• Cogan syndrome

• Corneal ulcer

• Herpes simplex keratitis

• Herpes zoster ophthalmicus

• Interstitial keratitis

• Keratoconjunctivitis sicca

• Keratoconus

• Keratomalacia

• Peripheral ulcerative keratitis

• Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis

• Superficial punctate keratitis

Corneal disease or damage can cause pain, tearing, and decreased sharpness of vision (visual acuity).

A slit lamp

The Cornea, Pupil, and Iris